Permutation-lock



4(No Model.) 2 Sheets-,Sheet 1.

J. J. DEAL. PBRMUTATION LOCK. No. 436,597. Patented Sept. 16, 1890.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. J. DEAL. l:PBRMUTATIQN LOCK.

No. 436,597. Patented Sept. 1e. 1890.

u UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.V

JosIAH J. DEAL, or CANTON, orno.

PERMUTATioN-LOCK.

SPECIFICATIN forming part of Letters Patent No.f1=36,597, dated September 16, 1890.

l Application iiled October 31, 1889.` Serial No. 328,821 (No model.) l

To all' whom it may concern:

Beitknown thatl, J OSIAH J. DEAL, a citizen of theUnited States, and aresident of Canton, county of Stark, State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvemen t' in Permutation-Locks,` of which the following is a full, clear,'and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this speciication.

My invention relates to an improvementin permutation-locks.V j

The object is to provide a simple, inexpensive, and efficient lock capable of being readily set to different combinations and adapted to general use. j

With these ends in view my invention consists in certain features of construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in perspective showing the lock as it appears when adjusted for use. Fig. 2 is a view of the lock as it appears whendetached from the door, the knobs and operating-pins being omitted. Fig. 3 is a view of the lock from the side opposite that upon which the operating-pins are located. Fig. 4 is an outside view of the operating-pins and their supporting-case. Fig. 5 is an inside view of the same. Fig. 6 is an enlarged partial transverse section through the operating-pin-supporting case, showing one of the dummy pins in position. This ligure also shows one of the operating-pins in detail. Fig. 7 is a transverse section taken about centrally through the lock as it is adjusted for use. Fig. 8 is a view of the bolt-operating plate. Fig. 9 is a view of the guard-plate. Fig. 10 is a view of the separating-plate or washer; and Figs. l1, 12, 13, and 14: represent the lock adapted to use in connection with a padlock, showing, respectively, the padlock in perspective with its case partially removed, the padlock in side elevation with c ase partially removed, the same in transverse section, and a partial front view. Figs. 15, 16, 17, and 18 show a modification of detail.

Figs. 1 to 10, inclusive, show the application of the lock to knob-latch, and the remaining figures show its application to a padlock. While the construction is particularly well adapted to such forms of latch and lock successfully to bolt-locks in general.

as are herein illustrated, it is ,not necessarily limited to such forms, but may be applied A represents the lock-casing, which may lbe of the well-known rectangular form shown,

or it may assume any other suitable form adapted to house the operative parts of the lock. The casing A may be received in a suitable mortise in the edge of a door B, as shown, or it may be secured to theside of a door in the ordinary manner. r"

Within the casing A and secured to rock with a spindle C, extending transversely therethrough or therein, as the case may be, is a vbolt-operating plate D, preferably of circular form throughout the whole or a part of its periphery, and provided with recesses CZ at intervals along its edge, and having a loose connection with a reciprocating sliding bolt E. In the knob-latch construction shown there is a guard-plate F, located loosely on the hub of the yoperating-plate D, between the plate D and the bolt E, and secured against rotating or rocking with the plate D by means of an arm f, projecting from its periphery and engaged in a slot or recess in the casing A. (See Fig. 3.) The guard-plate F is provided with recesses f on its periphery, which correspond with the recesses d in the operatingplate when the latter is in its normal or locked adjustment, the said recesses f serving to receive and steady the ends of the locking and releasing pins. The guard-plate F is further provided with two curved slots f2, located on opposite sides of its axis, through which pins d', set in the face of the operating-plate D, project into engagement with the sliding bolt. A separating-plate or washer G is inserted between the guard-plate F and the sliding bolt to compensate for any variation which may exist between the planes of the face of the guard-plate and the adjacent face of Vthe bolt, and also to allow the bolt to slide freely and to take up wear. The bolt E slides through an opening in the face-plate a ofthe lock, as is usual, and at its inner end is divided in two branches e and e The branch e turns into engagement with one of the pins d and the branch e' turns into engagement with the other pin CZ and projects thence away from the axis of the operating-plate into engagement with the end of a spring H, which tends to hold the bolt normally advanced and its branches e and e in contact with the pin d.

The casing A on the side adjacent to the operating-plate D is provided with a series of perforations a', corresponding to the recesses in the periphery of the plate D, and the said casing is further preferably re enforced within the limits of a circle the circumference of which extends through the said perforations a', as shown at K, Fig. 2, the same serving as a guide to keep the locking and releasing pins in position to slide steadily through the casing into and out of engagement with the operating-plate. The re-enforcing may be accomplished by thickening the casing at that portion or by the attachment thereto of a disk, as may be found desirable.

' The pin-supporting case consists, preferably, of a circular cap-plate L, having secured to its under or inner side an annular flange or rim Z, adapted to rest against the side of the casing A and surround the series of perforations a. If the lock be inserted in a mortise, the flange Z would be of such Width as to extend through the side of the door into contact with the casing and leave the cap plate L about iiush with the outside face of the doorY (See Fig. l.) The cap-plate L is provided with screw-holes Z securing it in position.

Pins M are seated in perforations in the cap-plate in position to register with the perforations a in the casing, and are held at the outer limit of their movement by means of springs N, secured thereto and to the under side of the cap-plate. The form of spring whichI employ consists of a spring-Wire coiled at its middle portion in a plane transverse to that of the cap-plate, an end being secured to the pin, and the opposite end of each between the cap-plate and an annular plate O, secured to its under side. The several pins M as far as they are exposed to view are identical in appearance. In fact, however, three (more or less) of the pins-those corresponding to the numbers 4, 9, and l1, for example, (see Figs. 1 and 4)-project normally into engagement with the recesses in the periphery of the operating-plate D and prevent the same from turning, and hence hold the bolt in locked adjustment, While the remainder of the pins, which I call for convenience^dummy pins,7 stop short of theoperating-plate and do not affect its movement unless pressed upon,wl1en any one or more of them will engage the recess or recesses in the operating-plate and prevent it from turning.

vThe three (more or less) locking-pins above referred to are each provided with a recess m a short distance from their ends, which, when the pins are simultaneously depressed, will allow the operatingplate D to rotate. It needs, therefore, butto know to what numbers or letters the locking and releasing pins belong to enable a person to unlock the door.

The locking and releasing pins may be readily. interchanged with the dummy pins .leasing formed by the sleeves,

by simply disengaging the end of the spring N therefrom, the engagement of the spring with the pin being conveniently eected by passing the end of the wire into or through a perforation in the spring. The wire thereby serves as a stop to limit the outward movement of the pin. Thus the combination may be changed whenever desired.

In order to avoid the inconvenience which would arise in case one of the locking and releasing pins of the combination were located on the opposite side of the knob-spindle from the others, a spring-iinger P is provided, loosely mounted on the spindle in position to be swung into engagement with any pin desired, its spring-tension being such that when engaged with a pin it will depress it. Several such fingers might be provided, if found desirable, to make the combination more complicated; y

In the padlock construction the pins are supported in one of the sidecasings Q of the lock, and the operating-plate R, corresponding to the operating-plate D above described,

has an extension r engaged with the spring-y actuated sliding bolt S. The spindle r may be here formed integral with the plate R and a thumb-piece T be either permanently or detachably engaged with the plate to rock it. If preferred, a sleeve h, as shown in Fig. 18, may be placed on the pin M. The said sleeve is provided with an arm h projected therefrom at one end and a recess h3 at the other end. A sleeve h4, having an outwardly-projected arm 71,5, similar to arm h', except that underneath said arm a shoulder h6 is provided. This sleeve corresponds in service with the hereinbefore-mentioned dummy pins, having any desired number of long locking and repins, hereinbefore referred to, the remaining short sleeves operating in a manner similar to the dummy pins. The sleeves when carried in by the inward movement through the perforation a in frame-plate A, having recess h3 provided therein, as shown, would not hold the plate K against rotation; but if either one of the short or the dummy sleeves h4 is pressed in, the end thereof would pass into the recess d, and thereby lock the plate D against rotation, and thereby arrest the movement of the bolt E. Plate F is similar to plate F, but smaller, and its periphery passes clearly inside of the circle said plate having about its periphery a series ot' recesses k2, corresponding with theposition and number of sleeves 'h h4. The plate F is secured against longitudinal movement on the spindle O.

The operation is similar to that heretofore described. Fig. l5 shows the normal position of the parts when the bolt is locked, the end of sleeve resting in the recess a in plate D, the pins el engaging the branches e e of the bolt E, and a spring h8 to hold the pins, as shown in Fig. l5. The sleeves being held against the pin by the springs 7c, as shown in IOO IIO

Fig. 16, will remain where placed by the movement of the pin, the springs hs resting on the end of the sleeves, and when the pin is released the. spring will carry the pin back to the position shown in Fig. 15, the end of the sleeves h resting in the recesses d. When it is desired to hold the dummyT sleeves out of engagement with the plate D, the plate F may be turned to bring the spaces k2 under the shoulders h, or the plate may be set to allow the shoulder h6 to pass into the recesses k2, the end of the sleeves h4 resting in the recess a in plate D, either one of which sleeves will lock the plate D against rotation to move the bolt E. To restore the parts to the position shown in Fig. l5, the plate F is moved outwardly by the spindle C, the arms h h5 resting on the plate, which is restored to its normal position by the spring k6. To release the bolt E, press4 in such pins as have on them the long sleeves h, the recess h3 registering with the periphery of the plate D, which will pass through the recess or notch ha. To change the combination, the sleeves h are made interchangeable with the short sleeve h4.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

1.` In a lock, the combination, with a spindle, a spiingactuating sliding bolt,a rocking plate iiXed torock withthespindle, and a guardplate between the rocking plate and the bolt,

loosely mounted on the hub of the rocking plate and held against a rocking movement, the rocking plate and the guard-plate having corresponding recesses in their peripheries and the rocking plate having operating-pins extending from its side through slots in the guard-plate into engagement with the bolt, of reciprocating pins, a portion of the pins having a normal engagement with the rocking plate and another portion lheld out of engagement therewith, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a lock, the combination, with a series of reciprocating locking and releasing pins, of a spring-iinger loosely mounted in position to be swung into engagement with one or another of the pins to hold it depressed, substantially as described., and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a lock, the combination, with the lock ing and releasing pins, of a sleeve h, having an outwardly-projecting arm h and a recess h3, said sleeve adapted to slide on and with said pin to lock and release the rocking plate, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

4. In a lock, the combination, with the pin, hereinbefore described as a dummy pin, of a sleeve h4, having an arm h5 and shoulders h6, said sleeve to slide with and on said pin, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 23d day ot October, A. D.. 1889.

JOSIAH J. DEAL.

Witnesses:

W. K. MILLER, GaAs. R. MILLER. 

